WMS The Advanced Soil Geochemical Atlas of England and Wales was a joint project between the British Geological Survey (BGS) and Rothamsted Research, and is based on soil samples collected for the National Soil Inventory (NSI) by the Soil Survey of England and Wales (now the National Soil Resources Institute, Cranfield University). The maps are based on 5700 surface soil samples (0–15 cm), collected across England and Wales, that have been analysed for 50 major and trace elements (eg aluminium, calcium, rubidium, lanthanum, selenium etc). The compiled atlas is also available online for viewing as an ebook download. The data for each of the elements can be downloaded as a set of interpolated concentrations (20Mb) on a 1 kilometre grid across England and Wales. These data are delivered under the terms of the Open Government Licence, subject to the following acknowledgement accompanying the reproduced BGS materials: "Contains British Geological Survey materials © UKRI [year]". The maps cover England and Wales showing interpolated values of topsoil element concentrations (mg/kg) at a 1km grid resolution. NSI National Soil Inventory Geochemistry Soil Soil Geochemical Atlas OneGeology MD_DATE@2022 MD_LANG@ENG Garry Baker British Geological Survey Head of BGS Data Centre postal

British Geological Survey Environmental Science Centre

Keyworth Nottingham NG12 5GG UK +44 (0)115 936 3100 +44 (0)115 936 3200 enquiries@bgs.ac.uk none These data are delivered under the terms of the Open Government Licence (http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/), subject to the following acknowledgement accompanying the reproduced BGS materials: Contains British Geological Survey materials copyright NERC [year]. Contact us if you create something new and innovative that could benefit others usingbgsdata@bgs.ac.uk. 4096 4096 application/vnd.ogc.wms_xml text/xml image/bmp image/jpeg image/tiff image/png image/png8 image/png24 image/png32 image/gif image/svg+xml application/vnd.esri.wms_raw_xml application/vnd.esri.wms_featureinfo_xml application/vnd.ogc.wms_xml application/geojson text/xml text/html text/plain application/vnd.ogc.sld+xml application/vnd.ogc.se_xml application/vnd.ogc.se_inimage application/vnd.ogc.se_blank text/xml XML CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 Topsoil.Silver The concentrations of silver were determined using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 0.25 mg/kg and typical coefficients of variation of around 40% for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10% suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Silver Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html text/html Topsoil.Aluminium The concentrations of aluminium were determined using wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 0.05 % and typical coefficients of variation of around 3% for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10 % suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Aluminium Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Arsenic The concentrations of arsenic were determined using wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 2.4 mg/kg and typical coefficients of variation of around 5 % for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10 % suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Arsenic Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Barium The concentrations of barium were determined using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 0.25 mg/kg and typical coefficients of variation of around 8% for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10 % suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Barium Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Bismuth The concentrations of bismuth were determined using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 0.6 mg/kg and typical coefficients of variation of around 40 % for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10 % suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Bismuth Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Bromine The concentrations of bromine were determined using wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 0.7 mg/kg and typical coefficients of variation of around 6 % for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10 % suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Bromine Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Calcium The concentrations of calcium were determined using wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 0.025 % and typical coefficients of variation of around 2% for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10 % suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Calcium Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Cadmium The concentrations of cadmium were determined using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 0.25 mg/kg and typical coefficients of variation of around 6 % for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10 % suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Cadmium Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Cerium The concentrations of cerium were determined using wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 0.6 mg/kg and typical coefficients of variation of around 2 % for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10 % suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Cerium Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Chlorine The concentrations of chlorine were determined using wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry; we cannot provide a lower limit of detection of or coefficient of variation for this element. Chlorine Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Cobalt The concentrations of cobalt were determined using wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 1.5 mg/kg and typical coefficients of variation of around 8 % for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10 % suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Cobalt Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Chromium The concentrations of chromium were determined using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 0.25 mg/kg and typical coefficients of variation of around 8% for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10 % suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Chromium Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Cesium The concentrations of caesium were determined using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 0.5 mg/kg and typical coefficients of variation of around 10 % for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10 % suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Cesium Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Copper The concentrations of copper were determined using wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 1.2 mg/kg and typical coefficients of variation of around 3 % for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10 % suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Copper Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Iron The concentrations of iron were determined using wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 0.0049 % and typical coefficients of variation of around 1% for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10 % suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Iron Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Gallium The concentrations of gallium were determined using wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 1 mg/kg and typical coefficients of variation of around 4 % for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10 % suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Gallium Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Germanium The concentrations of germanium were determined using wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 0.5 mg/kg and typical coefficients of variation of around 33 % for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10 % suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Germanium Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Hafnium The concentrations of hafnium were determined using wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 2 mg/kg and typical coefficients of variation of 20 % for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10 % suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Hafnium Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Iodine The concentrations of iodine were determined using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 0.35 mg/kg and typical coefficients of variation of around 5 % for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10 % suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Iodine Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Potassium The concentrations of potassium were determined using wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 0.0066% and typical coefficients of variation of around 3% for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10 % suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Potassium Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Lanthanum The concentrations of lanthanum were determined using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 0.6 mg/kg and typical coefficients of variation of around 1.5 % for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10 % suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Lanthanum Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Magnesium The concentrations of magnesium were determined using wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 0.109 % and typical coefficients of variation of around 4% for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10 % suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Magnesium Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Manganese The concentrations of manganese were determined using wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 0.054 % and typical coefficients of variation of around 3% for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10 % suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Manganese Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Molybdenum The concentrations of molybdenum were determined using wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 0.2 mg/kg and typical coefficients of variation of around 6 % for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10 % suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Molybdenum Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Sodium The concentrations of sodium were determined using wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 0.2% and typical coefficients of variation of around 6% for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10% suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Sodium Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Niobium The concentrations of niobium were determined using wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 0.7 mg/kg and typical coefficients of variation of around 5% for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10% suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Niobium Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Neodymium The concentrations of neodymium were determined using wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 5 mg/kg and typical coefficients of variation of around 9 % for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10 % suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Neodymium Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Nickel The concentrations of nickel were determined using wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 1.3 mg/kg and typical coefficients of variation of around 3 % for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10 % suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Nickel Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Phosphorus The concentrations of phosphorus were determined using wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 0.087% and typical coefficients of variation of around 5% for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10 % suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Phosphorus Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Lead The concentrations of lead were determined using wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 1.2 mg/kg and typical coefficients of variation of around 1.5 % for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10 % suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Lead Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Rubidium The concentrations of rubidium were determined using wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 0.7 mg/kg and typical coefficients of variation of around 1.5% for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10% suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Rubidium Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Sulphur The concentrations of sulphur were determined using wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 801 mg/kg and typical coefficients of variation of around 10% for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10% suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Sulphur Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Antimony The concentrations of antimony were determined using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 0.25 mg/kg and typical coefficients of variation of around 8% for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10 % suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Antimony Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Scandium The concentrations of Scandium were determined using wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 2.4 mg/kg and typical coefficients of variation of around 12% for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10% suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Scandium Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Selenium The concentrations of selenium were determined using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 0.1 mg/kg and typical coefficients of variation of around 5% for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10% suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Selenium Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Silicon The concentrations of silicon were determined using wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 0.023% and typical coefficients of variation of around 3% for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10% suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Silicon Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Samarium The concentrations of samarium were determined using wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 3 mg/kg and typical coefficients of variation of around 30% for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10% suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Samarium Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Tin The concentrations of tin were determined using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 0.25 mg/kg and typical coefficients of variation of around 3% for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10% suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Tin Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Strontium The concentrations of strontium were determined using wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 0.8 mg/kg and typical coefficients of variation of around 1% for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10% suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Strontium Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Tantalum The concentrations of tantalum were determined using wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 1.1 mg/kg and typical coefficients of variation of >30% for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10% suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Tantalum Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Thorium The concentrations of thorium were determined using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 0.7 mg/kg and typical coefficients of variation of around 7% for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10% suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Thorium Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Titanium The concentrations of titanium were determined using wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 801 mg/kg and typical coefficients of variation of around 10% for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10% suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Titanium Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Thallium The concentrations of thallium were determined using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 0.35 mg/kg and typical coefficients of variation of around 25% for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10% suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Thalium Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Uranium The concentrations of uranium were determined using wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 0.7 mg/kg and typical coefficients of variation of around 5% for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10% suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Uranium Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Vanadium The concentrations of vanadium were determined using wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 2.7 mg/kg and typical coefficients of variation of around 2% for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10% suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Vanadium Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Tungsten The concentrations of tungsten were determined using wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 0.6 mg/kg and typical coefficients of variation of around 10% for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10% suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Tungsten Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Yttrium The concentrations of yttrium were determined using wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 2.4 mg/kg and typical coefficients of variation of around 12% for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10% suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Yttrium Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Ytterbium The concentrations of ytterbium were determined using wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 1.3 mg/kg and typical coefficients of variation of around 25% for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10% suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Ytterbium Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Zinc The concentrations of zinc were determined using wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 1.1 mg/kg and typical coefficients of variation of around 3% for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10% suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Zinc Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html Topsoil.Zirconium The concentrations of zirconium were determined using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a lower limit of detection of 0.8 mg/kg and typical coefficients of variation of around 2% for repeated analyses of certified reference materials. The coefficient of variation (CV) expresses the error associated with subsampling and analysis; CV values of less than around 10% suggest that analyses are reasonably accurate. Zirconium Soil Topsoil Geochemistry OneGeology X-ray fluorescence spectrometry continent@Europe subcontinent@Northern Europe geographicarea@United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland subarea@GB-WAE dataprovider@British Geological Survey serviceprovider@British Geological Survey DS_TOPIC@geoscientificinformation DS_DATE@2022 thematic@Soil thematic@Pedology thematic@Geochemistry CRS:84 EPSG:4326 EPSG:3857 EPSG:27700 -6.2060072.00459549.98205055.797293 text/html